Which term describes music with multiple independent melodies?

Polyphony is the term that describes music characterized by multiple independent melodies occurring simultaneously. In polyphonic textures, each melody or voice retains its individuality while contributing to the overall harmonic structure and texture of the piece. This intricate interplay creates a rich and complex musical experience, allowing listeners to discern various lines performing different melodic material.

Monophony refers to a single melodic line without any harmonic accompaniment, making it distinct from polyphony. Homophony involves one main melody accompanied by chords or supporting harmonies, which supports a single musical idea rather than showcasing multiple independent lines. Heterophony consists of variations of a single melody, where multiple performers elaborate on the same melodic line, but do not create independent melodies as seen in polyphony. Polyphony stands out as the most suitable term for music that features multiple independent melodic lines.